Automated Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE): Improving Reproducibility, Throughput, and Data Quality in Analytical Workflows
Introduction Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) has been a cornerstone of analytical sample preparation for decades. From environmental testing and clinical toxicology to pharmaceutical analysis and food safety applications, LLE remains one of the most effective techniques for isolating target analytes from complex matrices. Despite its widespread use, traditional manual LLE presents numerous challenges that can negatively […]